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Monday, August 24, 2009

The Long And Impressive Story Of The Saxophone

By Jim Samposzi

The saxophone, or sax, is a vibrant and important instrument belonging to the woodwind group of instruments. The sax is mostly made of brass and is typically used in an orchestra, band, or other musical production. The saxophone goes way back to the days of jazz and big band. But the saxophone has been a key instrument for blues and lately, modern rock. This important instrument has also been popular for use in the military.

The saxophone is a complicated instrument that is made up of the following parts:

Brass stock/horn

Single-reed mouthpiece

Tone holes (20-30)

Speaker holes

Keys (or pad cups)

Spit Valve

The components of this instrument have been developed over the years to include richer sounds through engineering and trial. The mouthpiece, in example, has been built out of different metals, like: gold, silver, rubber, glass, wood, porcelain, crystal, or bone. Manufacturers over the years have tried a multitude of different things to make the sound clearer, brighter, and crisper.

Saxophones have increased in popularity since their inception by Adolphe Sax in 1841. Sax was bent on making an instrument that would cover the pitch between all other woodwinds and brass types with horns. He was very successful in his endeavors and the saxophone was common in orchestras in the late 19th century. For military, the sax did great when pitched in B and E. Also, the saxophone was the perfect instrument to get a C and F tone. Down the road, this brass instrument was used in the introduction and inception of jazz music and developed to include and produce pitches of all kind (A, B, C, G, F, and E).

After time, Adolphe Sax's invention reached a patent expiration in 1866 which lead to the vast manufacturing of new saxophones by several organizations. And, in the 1950's, a gentleman by the name of M. Houvenaghel of Western Europe, introduced a new kind of saxophones which included a single-tone key arrangement which enabled the musician to create octaves with just the thumb; this development became common with the sax and was used ongoing in sax production. Other kinds of saxophones were built and tried but this arrangement was said to be the most successful and created the best control over the tones of the sax.

Today, the sax is most seen in rock, jazz, and military bands. Saxophones are built of either brass or bronze and differ in cost and usability. Preferences are typical with different musicians of jazz and funk; many jazz professionals like mouthpieces with a more shallow chamber because it produces the high baffle, louder, and sharper tone. Other classical players appreciate a larger chamber because they tend to generate a softer, easier sound. No matter the band, the saxophone is an effective instrument for all bands. From its beginnings to day, the sax has made strides by leaps and bounds and is thought to be the most important component jazz and funk. - 18780

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